CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
Style is a combination of the clothes and colors you like to wear and the way you style your hair or apply makeup. An individual’s personal style is often quite fluid, and can change from day to day. Other people adopt a style as a type of “uniform”, and wear the same style every day for weeks, months, or even years.
Fashion is a hard word to describe, but it generally refers to clothing and clothing trends. When people think about fashion, they generally think about high fashion – items of clothing that are unique, trend setting, and not readily available. High fashion clothing can often be seen on the red carpet being worn by celebrities. Custom, one-of-a-kind high fashion garments are referred to as haute couture. To be couture, a fashion house must be a member of the Syndical Chamber of Haute Couture of Paris, an honour that only 16 fashion houses currently have.
Yet high fashion is not the only aspect of fashion. Fashion includes all aspects and styles of clothing, although it is usually used when referring to items that are trendy or popular with a large group of people. Affordable pieces (or individual items of clothing) that are worn by a large number of people are referred to as street-style, or street-fashion. Any garments purchased in a store or online (that are not custom-made), are known as ready-to-wear fashion.
1.1 The History of Fashion Design
Both men and women place great value on clothing and appearance – and have since the beginning of recorded history. Millions of books about the history of fashion and fashion design have been written, and there is far too much information to cover in this reference book.
Up until the late 1800’s, all clothing was custom made for individuals. If you wanted a new dress or suit, you had to have it made by a tailor or seamstress (or make it yourself) based on a pattern that you chose. The trend of ready-to-wear clothing in North America is generally understood to have begun during the American civil war, as soldiers needed matching uniforms, coats and undergarments available in a variety of sizes. After the war ended, many of the factories that created these uniforms began mass-producing ready-towear men’s garments such as denim jeans and shirts. Women’s ready-to-wear clothing was not widely available, however, until the early 1900’s. It took many years for clothing sizing to become (generally) standardized throughout the industry, although you may have noticed that there are still significant sizing differences that exist between clothing companies!
A Timeline of Modern Fashion – http://www.infoplease.com/spot/fashiontime1.html
Books
• Costume and Fashion: A Concise History by James Laver
• The Complete Costume History by Auguste Racinet
• 20,000 Years of Fashion by Francois Boucher
1.2 Famous Fashion Design Companies and Designers
There are hundreds of thousands of fashion design companies and designers – some famous and some not. The following are some of the most famous fashion designers and companies today:
Armani – An Italian design house noted for their menswear lines.
Christian Dior – Christian Dior created an entirely new look for women’s clothing after the World War II. The Dior fashion house continues to create couture ball gowns and luxury accessories.
CoCo Chanel – This founder of the famous Chanel brand is considered to be one of the most influential female designers of all times. She made popular a style that became known as “expensive simplicity”. The Chanel brand continues to be one of the most popular design houses in the world.
Dolce & Gabbana – A high-fashion design house known for their luxury, hippie inspired pieces.
Louboutin – A high-end footwear designer, Christian Louboutin is best known for the signature shiny red soles on each of his shoes.
Louis Vuitton – Often called “LV”, is a French fashion house that was founded in the late 1800’s. Considered to be the world’s most valuable luxury brand, its clothing and handbags are often forged.
Philip Treacy – A European milliner who has famously designed headwear for royalty, celebrities, and films.
Ralph Lauren – Ralph Lauren is one of the most famous American fashion designers, who has specialized in upscale casual clothing since the 1970’s.
Tiffany & Co. – An American jewellery design house that is considered to be one of the most famous and well recognized in the world.
Vera Wang – An American bridal and bridesmaid gown designer who also designs haute couture.
Versace – This family run design house has expanded from the fashion industry to include accessories, home furnishings, and fragrances.
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