ABSTRACT
Road Accidents are on the rise due to the high amount of migration from the rural area to the urban areas, Urbanization people are now finding it easier to own cars and use it for their day to day activities. Due to that reason the amount of Road Accident has also risen to all-time highs with estimate of 2000 deaths in four months around the country. Although we record such amounts of Accidents we are not able to learn from them and try to make changes with the same Roads claiming lives all the time. Thus, the need of an Observatory System, the system was developed to help in the data gathering process, storage, and visualization of the data to help in decision making and also knowing how to curb the menace of Road Accident.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
What is a Road Traffic Accident? A lot of people would say that RTAs (Road Traffic Accidents) is when a vehicle or motorcycle collide with either a second vehicle or hits an individual, but Accident is far more than that, A road accident refers to any accident involving at least one road vehicle, occurring on a road open to public circulation, and in which at least one person is injured or killed. Intentional acts (murder, suicide) and natural disasters are excluded (National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, 2016). Road Traffic Accidents claim more than 1.2 million lives each year and have a huge impact on health and development they are among the major causes of deaths in young adults and children between the age of 15 – 29 years (World Health Organization, 2015).
A total amount of 35,092 people died in motor vehicle crashes in 2015, the United States Department of Transportation’s most recent evaluation of the yearly financial fee of crashes was a $242 billion dollars (Highway Loss Data Institute, 2015). According to a report by WHO, India is the foremost country in number of deaths in RTAs in the world ranking. According to data for 2007, 114,590 people died in India as an outcome of RTAs. The second place goes to china with 89,455 deaths RTA wounds are becoming rampant, their adverse consequences by far surpass results of both transmissible and non- communicable diseases (Aubakirova, Kossumov, & Igissinov, 2013). To date traffic accidents have developed into one of the major sources of injury, disability and mortality worldwide.
The Developing Countries tend to have more than developed 1st and 2nd world countries because they are far underdeveloped and control measures are not well in place, even if they are there the rate of corruption and lack of care has overshadowed the control measures. And it also affects the countries the worse as it reduces the major driving force of the economic population where men are the general breadwinners. and have the highest frequency in mortality rates in RTAs, A studies have shown that males tend to have more accidents than women, due to the bad habits they associate themselves with while driving such as Speeding, Eating or Drinking, risky overtakes, not wearing on seat belts and so on (Highway Loss Data Institute, 2015).
The cost of accidents between the developed countries and underdeveloped and developing countries on the GDP is also different a Conservative estimate pegs the cost of accident on GDP of the Developed Countries at 1% on the other hand the developing countries are estimated at almost 5%. One mechanism for dropping demise from RTAs is the so termed “golden hour” and “diamond half an hour”, when vital medical care is provided to wounded in the first hour after an accident transpires and injury is sustained.
By now we must have noticed that RTAs are not limited to a single part of the world and the lives claimed by RTAs is not limited to a single range of population. RTAs also lead to injuries that are sometimes permanent leaving an individual forever disabled. Nigeria being one of the most populous country on the earth surface, in Quarter two of 2017 recorded 2,503 road crashes with speed violations as the major cause (Source, Bureau, Road, & Corps, 2017)
1.2 Problem Statement
The advancement in the technology has increase the danger for traffic. As the rapid growth of technology has made our life comfortable and luxurious. Thus there are many cause of loss of the human life during accident as they are poor emergency facilities.
The main cause behind roads accident are: lack of training institutes, unskilled drivers, poor roads conditions, use of cell phone during driving, over loading and poor governmental plans. Our unique project provides the accident detection and prevention of the human life. So, this is an intelligent system that detects the location of the accident and reports about on predefined numbers.
Research Objectives
The Objectives of this research are;
• To build and implement an observatory system to monitor road accidents across Nigeria and be able to visualize the accidents, by their severity, locations, driver, vehicle type, casualty, and in some cases fatalities.
• To monitor the cause of the accidents and how it would be addressed, the system can be used to take certain decisions when trying to improve the safety of the roads and when building new roads and bridges.
• To provide a good source of data gathering, as Nigeria lacks a system where road accidents and users are being managed if properly managed, the system can be used to know and keep the number of vehicles and drivers in the country whether they have been involved in an accident or not.
Significance of study
The motivation of this topic is the lack of a much needed and comprehensive source of data and information about road accidents in Nigeria. Without this information, some critical decision cannot be implemented properly and be addressed. This research will be able to show the locations with highest frequency of accident in the country. Which would lead to more research on how to make the roads safer and with the latest technological advancement the system can be used as a data warehouse where predictive analysis can be done and mitigate that may occur even before they happen.
Research Methodology
For this research Drupal content management system will be used to implement the web interface and source of information. Drupal is used because of its rich content, it is secured and open sourced, it has also been used for numerous website and information system and it is reliable, it is also free making it cost efficient, Drupal has a lot of modules which are also free and easy to use, it is managed by a large user base, and has security patches updated regularly making it very resilient to attacks. For the Database, a RDBMS (Relational Database Model) will be adopted and used with MySQL as the Database engine. I will also use jmerrise as my tool to draw out the Diagrams and classes for the Database tables and Database as well.
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Item Type: Project Material | Size: 56 pages | Chapters: 1-5
Format: MS Word | Delivery: Within 30Mins.
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