ABSTRACT
In recent years, banking industry has been undergoing
drastic changes, reflecting a number of underlying developments. Significant
advancements in communication and information technology accelerated and
broadened the dissemination of financial information and financial services and
all these increase the complexity.
Using location –based technology is a simple solution to
complex, real-world problem for monitoring of distribution/location of
financial institution in finding or selecting location for the best new bank
branch for business expansion, monitoring of bank performances and lack of
decision support tool for strategic planning amongst others. This study
involved acquisition and digitizing of existing maps, points picking of
financial institutions within the study area using GPS and demonstrating
through various analysis the potentials of GIS in management of distribution of
financial institutions.. The methodology adopted for this project involved
acquisition of primary and secondary data of the study area, processing using
different softwares such as ArcGIS 92, analyzing, and displaying a thematic map
of the study area show of distribution of banks. The digital map of awka, the
capital of Anambra State being a comprehensive final product of the project was
produced. It was recommended that digital map of the study area should be made
available to decision makers in order to enhance efficient social development,
GIS as a tool should be used for research changes in the environment,
monitoring, distribution, management and location of financial institutions
amongst others.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of
the Study.
Financial institution is the institution which collects
funds from public and places them in financial assets, such as deposits, loans,
and bonds, rather than tangible property or any organization in the business of
moving, investing or lending money, dealing in financial instruments, or
providing financial services. This includes commercial banks, thrifts, federal
and state savings banks, saving and loan associations, and credit unions.
In financial economics, a financial institution is an
institution that provides financial services for its clients or members.
Probably the most important financial service provided by financial
institutions is acting as financial intermediaries.
In 1892 Nigeria's first bank, the African Banking
Corporation, was established. No banking legislation existed until 1952, at
which point Nigeria had three foreign banks (the Bank of British West Africa,
Barclays Bank, and the British and French Bank) and two indigenous banks (the
National Bank of Nigeria and the African Continental Bank) with a collective
total of forty branches.
In 1952 several Nigerian members of the federal House of
Assembly called for the establishment of a central bank to facilitate economic
development. Although the motion was defeated, the colonial administration
appointed a Bank of England official to study the issue. He advised against a
central bank, questioning such a bank's effectiveness in an undeveloped capital
market. In 1957 the Colonial Office sponsored another study that resulted in
the establishment of a Nigerian central bank and the introduction of a Nigerian
currency.
At
the end of 1988, the banking system consisted of the Central Bank of Nigeria,
forty-two commercial banks, and twenty four merchant banks, a substantial
increase since 1986.
Other financial institutions
included government-owned specialized development banks: the Nigerian
Industrial Development Bank, the Nigerian Bank for Commerce and Industry, and
the Nigerian Agricultural Bank, as well as the Federal Savings Banks and the
Federal Mortgage Bank. Also active in Nigeria were numerous insurance
companies, pension funds, and finance and leasing companies. Nigeria also had a
stock exchange (established in Lagos in 1961) and a number of stockbrokerage
firms.
Geographic Information System (GIS) is a complete computer
system that links information about where things are located with information
about what particular data represents. Unlike a paper map where 'what you see
is what you get,' a GIS map can combine many layers of information.
Unlike paper map, a digital map
created by GIS will have dots or points that represent features on the map such
as cities, lines that represent features such as roads and areas that represent
features such as lakes. GIS can be used in banking sector for proper location
of new branches.
1.2 STATEMENT
OF PROBLEM
The financial institutions in Awka is faced with a lot of
problems such as: Finding the best new bank branch location, lack of branch
performance monitoring tool, lack of customer and competitor analysis tool,
lack of asset monitoring and management tool and others. GIS technology is a
tool which aids in solving the aforementioned problems.
The Aim of the project is to show the application of
Geographic information System (GIS) in management of distribution/location of
financial institutions in Anambra State. This can be achieved through the
following objectives;
Ø Acquisition
of base map of Anambra State showing boundary locations
Ø Points
picking of the financial institutions using GPS
Ø Digitizing
the map of Awka capital territory and showing location of financial
institutions
Ø Demonstrating
through various analysis the potential of GIS in management of distribution of
financial institutions.
1.4 STUDY
AREA
Awka, the Capital of Anambra State was the chosen area for
the study. It is located between latitudes 6°06' N and 6°16' N and longitudes
7°01' E and 7°10' E. It lies within the tropical rainforest zone of West
Africa. (see figure 1). The average relative humidity is 80%. The mean daily
temperature is 20°C. The inhabitants are Igbo’s and mostly Christians.
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Item Type: Project Material | Size: 68 pages | Chapters: 1-5
Format: MS Word | Delivery: Within 30Mins.
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