ABSTRACT
This study focuses on the causes, effects and remedies
of Women and child trafficking in Nigeria using Orlu Local Government Area of Imo
State as a case study. This study identifies the major causes effect of women
and child trafficking that stand as a bottleneck in Nigeria. Questionnaire was
administered to collect relevant data which was analyzed, using the simple
percentages method. It was discovered that poor family background, poverty,
large family size, rapid urbanization among others are the major factor why
many Nigerian children are vulnerable to trafficking. Having identified the
causes, recommendations were further made to help in solving the problem. The
researcher recommended among other things that, further ratification of
international legal instrument aimed at protecting human rights and combating
human trafficking should be made necessary and also, effective implementation
of all the ratified international laws and regulations should be implemented.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Nigeria, the most
populous black nation in the world with an estimated population of about 140
million people (2006, Census), is endowed with abundant human and natural
resources like oil, tin, limestone, zinc, natural gas, good vegetation and
climate which varies from being equatorial in the South, tropical in the centre
and arid in the north. This great country, 3rd world largest
producer of crude oil has about 5.3% annual growth rate but it is estimated
that 70% of Nigerians live in poverty (Tola, 2008).
The above features
are legacies of decades of prolonged military rules coupled with mis-management
and corruption, which have daily impoverished the people and made them
“beggers” of a sort amidst plenty. This act of misrule has increased
anti-social behaviour amongst the populace. Sadly, the quest for material
wealth at all cost has introduced a new dimension of wealth creation into the
psyche of Nigerians-which is child
trafficking.
Women and child
trafficking is the third largest criminal activity in the world after arms and
drug trafficking (Tola, 2008). In the last decade, the phenomenon of women and
child trafficking has considerably increased throughout the world and most
especially in Nigeria. Every year, million of individuals, mostly children are
misled by decot or forced to submit to servitude.
The
UN convention Against Transnational orgainsed crime
(2000) defined women
and child trafficking as follows;
“the recruitment,
transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of threat
or use of force or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, of
abuse of power, giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the
consent of a person having control over another person for the purpose of
exploitation”
“exploitation shall
include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other
forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices
similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs”
ANPPCAN (2010) sees women and child
trafficking as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, habouring or receipt
of children by means of threat or use of force or other forms of coercion,
abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power, a position of vulnerability or the
giving or receiving of payments, benefits to achieve the consent of a person
having control over the child for the pupose of exploitation.
Research evidence shows that children are
trafficked for the purpose of domestic services, prostitution and other forms
of exploitative labour (UNICEF, 2007). These has been a serious concern about
the cause of women and child trafficking in Africa as a whole and Nigeria as a
country in particular.
UNICEF (2007) has identified poverty, large
family size, rapid urbanization among others as the major factor why many
Nigeria children are vulnerable to trafficking.
Parents with large family are often prone to
those traffickers deceit in giving away some of their children to city
residents or even strangers promising a better life for them. Trafficking
deprives child victims the privilege to exercise their wide range of rights,
including the right to belong and identify, the right to freedom, education
among others. ANPPCAN(2010).
As a result of this, the study on the causes,
effects and remedies of women and child trafficking in Nigeria is worth
pursuing. It is hoped that the findings of this study will provide meaningful
information as to the stoppage of the act in Nigeria and Africa as a whole.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Children living in
rural areas in Nigeria often lack access to quality education, good health and
other basic needs which make their parents to entrust them in the hands of
other family members who are financially upright to help them train their
children.
However,
this custom has been abused by those family
members or relatives
because of the exposure of these children to hazardous work, prostitution and
other forms of inhuman
activities.
This act posses a serious challenges to the
growth of the Nigerian society, economically, socially and politically.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this
study is:
a.
To ascertain why Nigerians engage in women and child
trafficking .
b.
To find out the links between trafficking in childrens and
the entertainment and sex industry.
c.
To ascertain whether the victims of women and child
trafficking inOrlu knew the true nature
of the jobs they would go into before accepting the offer.
d.
To find out how informed, the inhabitants of Orlu, are on women
and child trafficking .
e.
To proffer useful suggestions on possible ways of curbing the
problem of women and child trafficking.
1.4 Research Questions
a.
To ascertain why Nigerians engage in women and child
trafficking .
b.
What is the links between trafficking in childrens and the
entertainment and sex industry.
c.
are the victims of women and child trafficking inOrlu know the true nature of the jobs they
would go into before accepting the offer.
d.
how informed, the inhabitants of Orlu, are on women and child
trafficking .
e.
What are the useful suggestions on possible ways of curbing
the problem of women and child trafficking.
1.5 Significance of the Study
This study will be
of great importance, as it will provide necessary information on the causes,
effects and remedies to women and child trafficking in Nigeria. It will also
provide further research in combating trafficking in Nigeria. The study will
also be useful for further purposes and for further researches into women and
child trafficking within and outside the country.
1.6 Scope of the Study
The study will be
restricted to the causes and effects of women and child trafficking in Nigeria.
Solution to the problems of women and child trafficking will also be sought in
the cause of this research.
1.7 Limitation of the Study
This research
focuses on the causes, effects and remedies of women and child trafficking in
Nigeria but due to finance, time and other factors, the study will be limited
to Orlu Local Government Area of Imo State.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Child:
Child
in this study means any person less than eighteen years of age
Trafficking: The recruitment,
transfer, harbouring, or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation.
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Item Type: Project Material | Size: 79 pages | Chapters: 1-5
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