KWATANCIN WASUN BAYANAU (RUKUNAN NAHAWU DANGIN SUNA) A HAUSA DA FULFULDE

ABSTRACT

The study entitled “The ComparativeAnalysis of Non-adverbial Items In Hausa and Fulfulde” examines the behaviour of Hausa and Fulfulde languages. As such, the work analytically compares the nature and position of non-adverbial items withing the sentences of the languages (pre-head, head and post-head). Sequel to this, the thesis identifies some similarities especially in the indefenite specifiers operate in the same syntactic statics, especially as pre-head qualifiers and dissimilarities such as in Hausa languages, short genetival links: n-r-n are always visible and structurally static, but they are neither visible nor structurally static in Fulfulde language. And every word could be accompanied by a specifier in Fulfulde while is not in Hausa.

TSAKURE

Wannan aikin mai suna “Kwatancin Wasun Bayanau a Hausa da Fulfulde yana kallon yadda wasun bayanau suke fitowa a qarqashin yankin suna a harsunan Hausa da Fulfulde. Aikin kuma ya duba tsarin wasu bayanau a Hausa da Fulfulde daki-daki. A vangaren gurabensu kuma, aikin ya kwatanta gurbin da waxannan rukunan nahawu dangin suna suke fitowa a yankin suna. Dalili shi ne a duk harsunan wato Hausa da Fulfulden, ana samun gurabe guda uku ne, ko dai su fito a matsayin siffatau goshi, ko a matsayin kai ko kuma a matsayin siffatan qeya. Bayan haka, harsunan biyu sun yi kama da juna musamman a mafayyaci kaikaitau dukkaninsu suna fitowa a matsayin siffatan goshi. Haka kuma sun bambanta musamman ma idan aka yi la’akari da sarqaqqiyar nasaba, a Hausa ana tantance sarqaqqiyar nasaba ta yin amfani da mahaxin –n-r-n amma a Fulfulde ba haka abin yake ba.

BABI NA XAYA: SHIMFIXA 

1.0 Gabatarwa

Hausawa da Fulani al’umma ne da suka zauna da daxewa, har suka sami yin auratayya da junansu, a inda aka sami cuxanyar zuri’o’i, da addini. Wannan shi ya sa ma ake ganin kamar daga tsatso xaya suke. Saboda haka ne ma Turawa suke kiran su da Hausa-Fulani a siyasance. Duk da wannan cuxanyar ta addini da auratayya da kuma zamantakewa, masana da dama sun nuna cewa Hausa da Fulfulde ba ‘yan gida xaya ba ne ta fuskar nahawunsu. Zai yi fa’ida duk da irin dangantakar da ke tsakaninsu ta zamantakewa a kuma gwada dangantakar ta fannin nahawunsu.

Kamar yadda Abubakar, (1986:3-5) ya nuna, wani abin mamaki, shi ne waxannan harsuna biyu, ba su da wata dangantaka ta jinsin harsuna, sai dai ko ta fuskar al’adunsu ko addini. Dalilin da ya sa aka ce waxannan harsunan biyu (Hausa da Fulfulde) ba su da wata dangantaka ta salsala shi ne, ba tsatsonsu xaya ba wato ba asali guda suka fita ba. Hausa kamar yadda Schuh, (1982:3) ya nuna ta fito daga dangin harsunan Chadi ne a vangaren Afro-Asiatic. Fulfulde kuwa ya fito ne daga “Congo-Kordofanian cikin Atlantik ta yamma sashen Guinea. Ke nan, dangantakar da ke tsakanin harsunan Hausa da Fulfulde, ba irin wadda mutane suke tunani ba ce, don kowannensu da inda asalinsa yake.

Hausa muhimmin harshe ne wanda ya wuce harshen da za a kira qarami domin harshe ne na al’umma mai girma kuma yana daga cikin manyan harsunan duniya wanda kuma aka fi amfani da shi a Afirka ta Yamma. Newman, (2002:2) ya qiyasta cewa, “yan asalin harshen sun kai kimanin miliyan goma sha bakwai (17,000000)” Sai dai wasu masana irin su Abubakar, (1986:4) suna ganin cewa adadin masu yin magana da harshen

Hausa a faxin duniya a qalla sun fi miliyan metan. (200,000000) Amma an fi yin amfani da shi a Nijeriya (Arewa), Jamhuriyar Nijar, da Arewacin Ghana da Kamaru da kuma Chadi. Ana ganin masu yin amfani da harshen Suwahili a Afirka ta gabas sun fi na Hausa yawa, amma Hausa ta wuce kowane harshe yaxuwa a Afirka ta Yamma. Shi kuma harshen Fulfulde, yana daga cikin harsunan da ake kira ‘Niger Congo’, kuma wannan harshen, ya kawo wahala dangane da tsarinsa. Saboda haka ne ma aka raba shi da sauran harsunan, aka kira shi da ‘Nuba-Fula’. “Shi ma Fulfulden kamar Hausa, yana cikin manyan harsunan Afirka, kuma ana samun sa a qasashen Senegal, da Mali da Kamaru da kuma Gabashin tabkin Chadi”.

1.1 Matsalolin Bincike

An yi bincike da dama a kan rukunan nahawun Hausa, wanda ya haxa da dangin suna. Haka nan kuma an yi a kan Nahawun Fulfulde, amma ba wani bincike takamaimai a kan dangin suna tsakanin harshen Hausa da na Fulfulde. Samun irin wannan bincike yana da muhimmanci musamman ganin irin daxaxxiyar dangantakar da ke akwai tsakanin harsunan biyu. A taqaice, wannan bincike, zai yi qoqarin amsa waxannan tambayoyin kamar haka:

Shin akwai bambancin gurbi na dangin suna a tsakanin harshen Hausa da Fulfulde?

Wace irin rawa dangin suna ke takawa a yankin suna, idan aka zo maganar ginin jumla a harsunan Hausa da Fulfulde?

Wane irin kamanci ne da kuma bambanci ke tsakanin dangin suna na Hausa da Fulfulde?

1.2 Manufar Bincike

Babbar manufar wannan bincike it ace a kwatanta wasun bayanau na Hausa da Fulfulde don a gano tsarinsu da kuma gurbin da suke fitowa a yankin suna.

Wannan bincike zai yi tsokaci ne a kan rukunan nahawu dangin suna na Hausa da Fulfulde. Domin haka, za a mayar da hankali ne a kan gurbi da tsarin dangin suna a tsakanin harsunan biyu (Hausa da Fulfulde). A wajen yin kwatancin, za a yi qoqarin bin dokokin kowane harshe kamar yadda masana harsunan suka gindaya.

Bayan haka, binciken zai duqufa wajen gano irin rawar da maqarraban suna ‘modifiers’ suke takawa a qarqashin yankin sunan (Noun phrase) harsunan biyu wato Hausa da Fulfulde.

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Item Type: Project Material  |  Size: 95 pages  |  Chapters: 1-5

Format: MS Word  |  Delivery: Within 30Mins.

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