ABSTRACT
This study is to assess the activities of the Du‟at
in Zazzau Emirate among the Maguzawa who accepted Islam. It was
limited to only five local government areas in the emirate. The research
presents the history of the emirate, tribe, religion and its locations in
Kaduna state as well as it boundaries with other neighboring states. The
research was able to view the meaning of Maguzawa, their culture and
their locations in Zazzau Emirate. The concept of Da‟wah was
discussed in relation to non-Muslim, among others. Thus, Survey research design
was used where three questionnaires were applied. The questionnaire covers the
new converts among the Maguzawa, the teachers of Islamic education among
the Maguzawa and then the Da‟wah organizations/committees among
the Maguzawa. Simple percentage was used in analyzing the data
collected. The major findings of the research revealed that there is a
significant number of Maguzawa that were converted to Islam from their
paganism just as there is significant number of Maguzawa who were
Christians and later converted to Islam. There are Da‟wah
committees/organizations conducting various Da‟wah activities such as
establishing Islamiyyah Schools and Mosques in which they conduct
preaching and teachings of Islam. On the other hand, the new converts from the Maguzawa
are in peaceful coexistence with the non-Muslims among them. In view of this,
the research recommends that the Da‟wah organizations need to coordinate
their activities to avoid duplication and possible misunderstanding
among them and there is need to use the Zakat proceeds and other forms
of charity such as waqf from the Emirate to boost the activities of Da‟wah
and learning of Islam among the Maguzawa.
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to
the Study
All thanks are due to the Creator, Allah (S.W.T), for the
revelation of the ultimate guidance to man. May the peace and blessing of Allah
(S.W.T) be upon the seal of Prophets, Muhammad (S.A.W), for perfectly
accomplishing the mission of His Lord. Similarly, may Allah (S.W.T) be pleased
with the Companions and members of the households of the Prophet (S.A.W) for
their sincerity and patience in disseminating the massage of Islam throughout
the world.
The unceasing efforts of the Sahabah (R.A), the Tabi‟un and
the later scholars of the various periods coupled with the contributions of
early business merchants brought about the establishment of Islam in various
localities. Certainly, the moral teachings of Islam and its political system
played a fundamental influence in bringing Islam into West African countries in
particular.
The activities of business men, the Wangarawa, the trading
link between Borno Empire with Hausa land as well as the coming of some
prominent scholars such as al - Maghili to Hausa land contributed tremendously
in making the environment a fertile land to enable Islam to get to various
places in Hausa Land This brought the establishment of many centres of learning
such as Yandoto in the present Zamfara State and Katsina, which became the extension
of Timbuktu University, and later one of the most prominent centres of learning
in the Muslim world, after the collapse of Songhai Empire.
The Hausa land was multifaceted tribe culturally,
religiously. However, the Hausa and Fulani tribes were considered as major
tribes of Hausa land. The Hausa land was transformed into political city states, independent from each other. The
major political classifications of Hausa city were Daura, Katsina, Gobir Kano
and Zazzau Emirate. However, the Jihad of Danfodiyo in 1804 was able to
amalgamate the various City State into one single body under the Sultanate.
This further facilitated the Islamization process and religious awareness of
the various localities. Therefore, the Jihad of 1804 subsumed the various
cultural and religious differences to Islam with very few minorities such as Maguzawa
that either changed to Christianity or remained as pagans. The bulk of the
pagans were of Hausa ethnicity, known as Maguzawa sparsely located in the major
Hausa provinces, such as Kano, Katsina and Zazzau. The pagan from Maguzawa can
hardly be separated from the rest of Hausa Muslims in terms of dressing, and
the social aspects of life.
The Maguzawa later became exposed to both activities of the
Christian missionaries. This made the Maguzawa incline either to Islam or
Christianity. However, majority of the Maguzawa have accepted to be Muslims in
the contemporary time, as a result of the various efforts of Da‟wah
organizations. In view of this, this research is designed to assess the Da‟wah activities
among the Maguzawa of Zazzau Emirate. The basic aim is to identify the challenges
and deliberate on the way forward.
1.2 Statement of
the Problem
It is really unfortunate that the area under study, Zazzau
Emirate, which is largely dominated by Muslims, has very little impact of
activities, especially among the major settlements of the non-Muslims. This is
because a good number of people still adhere strictly to their traditional
religion. These could be attributed to so many factors that need to be
investigated in order to come up with a reliable and sustainable methodology of
spreading the mission of Islam in the affected areas of the study. Thus, the
need to embark into an investigation to assess the level of the impact of the
activities on Maguzawa is highly necessitated. Of course problems and
challenges militate against the efforts of Du‟at in the area, but to what
extent could they become impediments to the success of Da‟wah activities? Can
it be said that the Du‟at had no mutual understanding with one another while
carrying out their missions or were they at loggerheads with each other, which
becomes the source of their challenges? What could be the reason some of the Maguzawa,
after accepting Islam later reverted to their former religion or remain in
Islam without major change in their behavior or way of life?
1.3 Objectives of
the Study
The study seeks to achieve the following objectives:
i. To identify the challenges of Da‟wah activities among the Maguzawa
in Zazzau Emirate.
ii. To identify the various Da‟wah Organizations and their
activities in Zazzau Emirate.
iii. To examine the methodology of Da‟wah organizations among and
the Maguzawa of Zazzau Emirate.
iv. To assess the level of success and achievements of Da‟wah
activities on the life of the Maguzawa.
v. To evaluate the challenges and problems of Da‟wah activities
among the Maguzawa of Zazzau Emirate.
vi. To proffer solutions of possible problems in the light of Shari‟ah
to the challenges and problems of Da‟wah activities among the Maguzawa people.
i. What are the challenges of Da‟wah activities among the Maguzawa?
ii. What is the nature of Da‟wah organizations among the Maguzawa
of Zazzau Emirate?
iii. What are the methods of Da‟wah organizations among the Maguzawa
of Zazzau Emirate?
iv. What are the success and achievement of Da‟wah activities on
the lives of the Maguzawa?
v. What are the challenges and problems of Da`awah activities
among the Maguzawa of
Zazzau Emirate?
vi. How can the challenges and problems of Da‟wah activities
among the Maguzawa be solved in the light of Sharia‟h?
1.5 Significance
of the Study
The basic aim of Islam is to make every person attain the
full understanding of the concept of God and to worship Him accordingly. The Maguzawa
are people who live in the midst of Muslims, especially in Zazzau Emirate.
(Thus, their activities are hardly separated from that of Muslims). In view of
this, the research aims at digging the root cause of the Maguwa refusal to
convert to Islam, in spite of belonging to the same ethnic group with Hausa who
are mostly Muslims would not only be significant in the assessment of the
efforts of Du‟ats in the area, but will also assist the Du‟ats in strategizing
their activities to allow for the full realization of their objectives and the
Islamization of the environment. Furthermore, it will bring about full unity
among the people of the locality and this in turn brings about peaceful
coexistence, which will assist the government in the spread of developmental
project as well as controlling all possible crises.
The scope of this study covers the assessment of the
activities of various Du‟at groups operating on Maguzawa domain in Zazzau
Emirate the success and achievement of such activities on the Maguzawa people.
Therefore, the following areas of Maguzawa locations served as area of
restriction to this research. These places include; Sabon Gari, Kudan, Giwa, Makarfi
and Ikara local Government. Furthermore, the period that the research covers is
between 2000 -2016.
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