TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE: BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Statement of the Problem
1.2 Aim and Objectives
1.3 Scope of the Study
1.4 Research Methodology
1.5 Literature Review
CHAPTER TWO: AN OVERVIEW OF THE ELECTORAL HISTORY OF NIGERIA, GHANA AND LIBERIA
2.1 Introduction
2.2 History of Electoral Process in Nigeria
2.3 History of Electoral Process in Ghana
2.3 History of Electoral Process in Liberia
CHAPTER THREE: PRINCIPLES OF ELECTORAL PROCESS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN NIGERIA, GHANA AND LIBERIA
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Principles of Elections in Nigeria
3.2 Principles of Elections in Ghana
3.3 Principles of Elections in Liberia
3.4 Conclusion
CHAPTER FOUR: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN NIGERIA, GHANA AND LIBERIA
4.0 Introduction
4.1 Nigeria: The Degree of Soundness in the Conduct of Elections
4.2 Ghana: The Extent of Freeness and Fairness in the Conduct of Elections
4.3 Liberia: The Degree of Credibility in the Conduct of Elections
4.4 General Assessment
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
4.1 Summary
4.2 Conclusion
4.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.0 Introduction
All over the world, democracy have been embraced, while principles have assumed as the main pillar in selecting political leaders in a democratic society. In West Africa, undoubtedly, the most appropriate platform for selecting leaders is through elective principles. This process of selecting leaders has been in use, in the selected West African Countries: Nigeria, Ghana and Liberia. Historically, these three West African States have many things in common: located in the same region: experienced similar colonial political framework: have similar election process yet they have different ways and modes of selecting leaders.
Subsequently, Nigeria like other West African countries included Ghana and Liberia have chosen elective principles as a way forward to popular participation and good governance. The process of which this popular participation and good governance are consolidated is through election. Election has been seen in a democratic society as a formal decision making venture, of which the people in a particular geopolitical entity choose individuals, equip with a legitimate mandate to hold and manage public offices1, such public offices like legislative, executive and judicial institutions which are often determined by the majority head count.
The most important elections in the countries of the study are aimed at selecting leaders for the local, state and national governments. The chance to decide who will govern at this level of government serves as an opportunity for the public to make choice about the policies, programmes and future direction of government actions. At the same time election promotes accountability and responsibility by the government to the people’s quests.
In most country of the world, electoral bodies are vested with the responsibility to decide on electoral matters without the intervention of any arms of government. This means that, electoral bodies have the supreme audacity to operate on a full-scale of autonomy. Such institutions in the study area, controlling and managing elections affairs are Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) in Nigeria. In Ghana, there is Electoral Commission of Ghana, and in Liberia, the body is known as National Electoral commission (NEC). The electoral bodies in the selected states are supposed to manage the elections’ affairs without any bias, in partiality or indiscriminately favour to any political party or parties’ contestants. To this end, what is often observed in the actions of the various electoral bodies is perfunctorily contradictory to what is expected from them.
The essence of this study is to look and compare election process in countries of the study. The study looks at process of election in the countries under the study. This is by undertaking a comparative study of the agencies entrusted with the election process. The study will evaluate the success of the electoral bodies of the selected countries in conducting free and fair elections.
1.1 Statement of the Problem
Many literatures have been written on election process of Nigeria, Ghana and Liberia. Even many writers have dwelled much upon status of the electoral bodies of the countries under the study. They wrote on how constitutionally, electoral body of each of these three countries is allowed to conduct elections independently without been subject to control of any arm of government. However, it comes to be significant that hands were not laid much on comparison among the three countries under the study in the process of conducting their elections. As a result of this, the work is intended to fill the vacuum that created in this case by checking into the...
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