TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Abstract
Table of Contents
List of Equations
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Preamble
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Justification of the Study
1.4 Aim and Objectives
1.4.1 Aim
1.4.2 Objectives
1.5 Scope of Study
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Asphalt Concrete
2.2 Composition of Asphalt
2.2.1 Bitumen
2.2.2 Aggregates
2.2.2.1 Coarse aggregates
2.2.2.2 Fine Aggregates
2.2.2.3 Filler
2.2.2.3.1 Choice of Filler
2.2.2.3.2 Types of Filler
2.2.2.3.3 Kiln Dust
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Description of Materials
3.1.1 Bitumen
3.1.2 Coarse Aggregates
3.1.2.1 Laboratory Test on Coarse Aggregates
3.1.3 Fine Aggregate
3.1.3.1 Laboratory test on fine aggregate
3.1.4 Ordinary Portland Cement- OPC (Control)
3.1.4.1 Laboratory test on Portland Cement
3.1.5 Saw Dust Ash (SDA)- Investigation
3.1.5.1 Laboratory test on Saw Dust Ash (SDA)
3.2 Aggregate Gradation (Blending Method)
3.2.1 Asphalt concrete mix design
3.2.2 The Marshall method
CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS, RESULTS AND D+ISCUSSION
4.1 Results
4.2 Marshall Stability Test Results
4.3 Effect of Saw Dust Ash on Flow
4.4 Effect of Saw Dust Ash on Bulk Density
4.5 Effect of Saw Dust Ash on Voids in Mineral Aggregate
4.6 Effect of Saw Dust Ash on Stability
4.7 Effect of Saw Dust Ash on Voids in Total Mix
4.8 Effect of Saw Dust Ash on Voids Filled with Bitumen
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendations
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
ABSTRACT
The quest for economy in asphalt production using locally available materials necessitated this research which is aimed at evaluating the suitability of Saw Dust Ash (SDA) as mineral filler in asphalt mixture.Chemical analysis, sieve analysis, specific gravity and plasticity index tests were performed on SDA. Asphalt briquettes prepared using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) without saw dust as filler serve as the control. SDA was used to replace the Portland cement at 0% to 100% at an interval of 10% by weight. Marshall Test was conducted on all briquettes produced with SDA and OPC. Results of tests show that increase in SDA resulted in reduction in the value of bulk density. It was also observed that the total voids in the mix increased with SDA content, while the values of stability and flow decreased with SDA. The optimum bitumen content of 6.0% was used to prepare specimens. The flow value of asphalt decreased from 2.0mm when only the cement was used as filler to 1.0mm when the cement was completely replaced with 100% SDA. Voids in mineral aggregate increased from 18.28% when 100 % cement was used as filler to 26.32% when cement was completely replaced with SDA. Based on results of tests, the use of cement partially replaced with 10% SDA at 6% bitumen content is recommended for use in asphalt production.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Preamble
Continuous generation of wastes arising from industrial by-products and agricultural residue, create acute environmental problems both in terms of their treatment and disposal. The construction industry has been identified as one of the areas where the waste can be absorbed, with the majority of such materials used as filler in concrete (Antihos et al., 2005). If these fillers have pozzolanic properties, they impart technical advantages to the resulting concrete and also enable larger quantities of cement replacement to be achieved (Hossain, 2003). Approximate utilization of these materials brings ecological and economic benefits. Waste material recycling into useful products has been the current method of solving waste problems (Ahmed, 2006). Material recycling has been a common practice for most of human history with record as far back as Plato in 400 BC (Grosse, 2010). Recycling is a process to change waste materials into new products to prevent hazards associated with waste, reduces the consumption of fresh raw materials, and it also reduces greenhouse gas emissions arising from the conventional method of disposing such wastes (Grosse, 2010).
Many highway agencies are conducting wide variety of studies and research work on the feasibility, environmental suitability, and performance of using recycled products in highway construction (Ahmed, 2006). Saw dust is a waste material from the timber industry. It is produced as timber is sawn into planks at saw mills located in virtually all major towns in the country. This process is a daily activity causing heaps of saw dust to....
Many highway agencies are conducting wide variety of studies and research work on the feasibility, environmental suitability, and performance of using recycled products in highway construction (Ahmed, 2006). Saw dust is a waste material from the timber industry. It is produced as timber is sawn into planks at saw mills located in virtually all major towns in the country. This process is a daily activity causing heaps of saw dust to....
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