TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to Study
1.2 Research Motivation
1.3 Research Objective
1.4 Research Methodology
1.5 Research Contribution to Knowledge
1.6 Organization of the rest of the thesis
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Overview of Wireless Sensor Network
2.1.1 What is a Sensor?
2.1.2 What are Wireless Sensor Networks?
2.1.3 Why Sensor Networks?
2.1.4 Main Characteristics of a WSN
2.1.5 Sensor Node Composition
2.1.6 Wireless Sensor Network Architecture
2.2 Simulation of WSNs
2.3 Global View and Requirements of Sensor Networks
2.4 Applications of Wireless Sensor Network
2.4.1 Military Applications
2.4.2 Environmental Applications
2.4.3 Health Applications
2.4.4 Home Application
2.4.5 Other Commercial Applications
2.5 Power Management in Sensor Networks
2.6 Battery Models
2.7 Comparison of Features for WSNs and WAHNs
2.8 WLAN and IEEE 802.11b Standard
2.9 OPNET Simulator
2.10 Related Work
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1 Simulation Tool
3.2 Energy Consumption in WSNS
3.2.1 Sensing Energy
3.2.2 Computing Energy
3.2.3 Communicating Energy
3.3 Power Management
3.3.1 Idle Power Management
3.3.2 Active Power Management
3.4 Sources of Power Consumptions
3.5 Dynamic Power Optimization at the Node Level
3.6 Energy Consumption of the Nodes
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 SIMULATION, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Power Consumption
4.3 Power Consumption Analysis of 802.11 Basic Mode (ad-hoc)
4.4 Simulation Process Configuration
4.5 Results and Discussion
4.6 Regression Analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Future Work
REFERENCES
ABSTRACT
This research focuses on reducing or minimizing the power consumption, thereby increasing the network lifetime and also demonstrates a methodology for power consumption evaluation of WSN. The research also analyzes the energy consumption of ad hoc nodes using IEEE 802.11 interfaces; this was achieved using OPNET simulator. The evaluation takes into account the properties of the medium access protocol and the process of forwarding packets in ad hoc mode. The key point is to determine the node lifetime based on its average power consumption. The average power consumption is estimated considering how long the node remains sleeping, idle, receiving or transmitting.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to Study
According to (Dharma and Quin-an, 2011), a wireless sensor network is a collection of wirelessly interconnected sensors, which together are used to monitor or analyse unattained environments. Also, in a wireless sensor network each node consists of processing capabilities, one or multiple types of memory, an RF transceiver, a power source (batteries and cells) all accommodating various sensors and actuators.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) deployment is fast gaining wide spread attention in different field of studies such as military, house-holds, factories, environment monitoring and control field (e.g., robot control), high-security smart homes, tracking and identification and personalisation. Wireless sensor nodes are autonomous and many wireless sensor networks applications are being designed to either provide an automatic response to certain situations or serve as a notification system to some higher order authority of action. It is also known that wireless sensor networks have the ability to generate huge data which sometimes can prove really difficult to manage and analyse (Ye et al., 2005).
Although more than 90% of sensors are still wired, wired sensor networks have been replaced by wireless sensor networks due to the cost and delay of deployment. The dominant factor of constructing wired sensor networks is the wiring cost. In addition, wired networks require considerable time to implement. In case of wireless sensor network, the deployment is rather simple, in many cases, just dropping off sensor nodes from an airplane into the target area instead....
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