TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Table of content
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
1.2 Problem Statement
1.3 Objectives of the study
1.4 Justification for the study
1.5 Research Hypotheses
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Poverty Alleviation in Nigerian Context
2.2 Apiculture in Nigeria
2.3 Review of Empirical Studies n Beekeeping
2.4 Apiculture as a tool to enhance rural economy
2.5 Modern Apiculture
2.5.1 The use of modern bee hives
2.6 Review of the Analytical Tools
2.6.1 Theoretical basis of stochastic frontier model
2.6.2 Profitability of beekeeping farming activity
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Description of the study Area
3.2 Sampling procedures
3.3 Data Collection
3.4 Analytical Technique
3.4.1 Descriptive Statistics
3.4.2 Farm budgeting (net farm income)
3.4.3 Foster-greer-thorbecke‟s (FGT) weighted poverty index
3.4.4 Stochastic frontier model
3.4.5Pearson correlation analysis
3.4.6 z-statistic
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Socio-economic Characteristics of the Respondents
4.1.1 Distribution of respondents based on Gender
4.1.2 Distribution of respondents based on marital status
4.1.3 Distribution of respondents based on age
4.1.4 Distribution of respondents based on educational status
4.1.5 Distribution of respondents based on household size
4.1.6 Distribution of respondents based on bee farming experience
4.1.7 Distribution of respondents based on membership of beekeeping cooperative
4.1.8 Distribution of respondents based on year of membership of beekeeping cooperative
4.1.9 Distribution of respondents based on access to credit
4.1.10 Distribution of respondents based on amount and sources of credit obtained
4.1.11 Distribution of respondents based access to agricultural extension
4.1.12 Distribution of respondents based on number of agricultural extension contact
4.1.13 Distribution of respondents based on number of beehives owned
4.2 Profitability of Beekeeping in the study Area
4.2.1 Test of hypothesis
4.3 Level of contribution of beekeeping to Household income
4.3.1 Household total income from beekeeping enterprise
4.3.2 Contribution of beekeeping products to total beekeeping income
4.3.3 Contribution of beekeeping enterprise to household total income
4.4 Economic Efficiency of Beekeeping in the Study Area
4.5 Impact of Beekeeping on the Poverty Status of the Beekeeping farmers
4.5.1 Test of hypothesis
4.6 Constraints Encountered in Beekeeping in the Study Area
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Contribution to Knowledge
References
ABSTRACT
The study was undertaken to assess the profitability of Improved Apiculture and its
Relationship to Poverty Status in Abuja, Nigeria”. A purposive sampling technique was used to purposively select 140 bee farmers from three area councils namely, Abaji, Bwari and Kwaliin the FCT. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Farm budgeting techniques, Foster-Greer Thorbecke (FGT) model, stochastic frontier model and Pearson correlation. Result revealed that all bee farmers in the study area were male and within the age bracket of 30-39 years with a mean age of 37. The average household size was 6. About 62.9% of the bee farmers had a secondary education, indicating that they are largely literates. The average years of farming experience was 4. About 62.9% of the farmers had contact with extension agents, about 35% had more than 40 beehives on their farm land. The calculated net farm income of beekeeping per hive of 0.7m2 in the study area was N32,514.56, also the returns to naira invested of 2.67 implies that for every N 1 invested in bee farming , a profit of N 1.67 was generated. The poverty gap index shows how far bee farming households are from the poverty line, it was estimated to be 0.39; this implies that the mean aggregate food and non-food consumption shortfall of the poor bee farmers relative to the poverty line across the whole population of bee farmers was 39% and the poor bee farmers are not too far away from the poverty line.The parameters of the stochastic frontier production function were estimated simultaneously with those of the model of inefficiency effects. Results indicated that all the variables were significant (P<0 .01="" 52="" 64="" 81="" allocative="" and="" annual="" average="" b="" baiting="" beekeeping="" economic="" efficiencies="" efficiency="" except="" farmers="" farms="" findings="" from="" frontier="" further="" he="" income="" material.="" mean="" none="" of="" reached="" respectively.="" revealed="" sampled="" technical="" that="" the="" threshold.however="" was="" were="">N
30,9671.43) was higher than that of the beekeeping farmers income from on-farm activities (
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Apiculture (otherwise known as Beekeeping) is the art of rearing, breeding and managing honeybee colonies in artificial hives for economic gains (Ikediobiet al., 1985; Morse, 1989). It refers to the practice and management of the bees in the hives (Ojeleye, 1999; Shu‟aibet al., 2009), which leads to the production of valuable materials such as honey, beeswax, propolis, bee pollen, bee venom and royal jelly.
According to Oluwole (1999), modern bee keeping that entails housing the bees is not difficult to embark upon because investment is low, it does not require large area of land and water and there is no need for daily care. Beekeeping is an agricultural and forest based decentralized industry and does not displace persons from their villages. Bee keeping is a sustainable form of agriculture that can provide rural people with a source of much needed income and nutrition, therefore they have economic reasons to retain the natural habitat or modify it to boost honey production, and to increase yield of other agricultural products (Babatundeet al.,2007).
Poverty, on the other hand, is general scarcity, dearth, or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money.The poverty incidence in Nigeria increased from 65.6% in 1996 to 78.3% of the population in 2004 (FOS, 2004). Furthermore, the distribution of extreme poverty by occupational category indicates that 67.4% of thepoor in Nigeria were in agriculture (FOS, 1999). Its incidence rose from 27.2% in 1980 to 42.7% in 1992 and 69% in 2010 (NBS, 2012).Nigeria Human......
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