FAMILY AND SCHOOL CLIMATE AS PREDICTORS OF CHILDREN’S VULNERABILITY TO CHILD TRAFFICKING IN ANAMBRA STATE

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title Page

Certification

Approval Page

Dedication

Acknowledgements

Table of Contents

List of Tables

Abstract

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Statement of the Problem

Purpose of the Study

Significant of the Study

Scope of the Study

Research Questions

Hypotheses

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Conceptual Framework

Concept of Child

Concepts of Vulnerability

Concepts of Child Trafficking

Concepts of Family and Family Variables

Concept of School Climate

Conceptual Relationship of the Variables

Theoretical Framework

Social Ecology Model – Hawkin and Weiss (1985)

Social Conflict Theory – Sprey (1969)

Social Development Model – Hawkin and Catalano (2010)

Social Learning Theory – Bandura (2001)

Life Skill Theory – Botvin (1995)

Review of Related Empirical Studies

Incidence of Child Trafficking

Family Factors and Child Trafficking

School Climate and Child Trafficking

Summary of Literature Review

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD

Research Design

Area of the Study

Population of the Study

Sample and Sampling Technique

Instrument for Data Collection

Validation of the Instrument

Reliability of the Instrument

Method of Date Collection

Method of Data Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS

Summary of Major Findings

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS

Discussion of the Findings

Conclusion

Implication of the Study

Recommendations of the Study

Limitation of the Study

Suggestion for Further Studies

Summary of the Study

References

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out to determine if family and school climate predict children’s vulnerability to trafficking in Anambra State. In pursuance of the above objective, six research questions and six hypotheses guided the study. The instrument used for data collection was a researcher designed questionnaire titled “Students’ Vulnerability to Trafficking Questionnaire (SVTQ)”. Copies of the instrument were given to experts in the Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, to validate and their corrections were effected. To test the reliability of the instrument, copies of the instrument were given to 50 Senior Secondary School students and the result was analyzed using Cronbach Alpha Statistics. No of respondents used as sample were 1164. The sampling technique used was multistage sampling design. Stratified random sampling was used to select the three education zones while simple random sampling with replacement was used to select the four schools used in each education zone. Purposive sampling method was used in selecting 100 children used in each school. The data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation for the research questions and Multiple Regression for the hypotheses. The findings showed that family and school climate are predictors of children’s vulnerability to trafficking. Family socio-economic status, family size, family structure, family climate, teacher-student relationship and student-student relationship significantly predict children’s vulnerability to trafficking. Based on the findings, implications were highlighted and recommendations were made among them is creating awareness of the modern day slavery-trafficking.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study

Human Trafficking is any action or transaction that transfers a person from one person or group of persons to another for remuneration or any other benefits. Gbadamosi (2006) describes human trafficking as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of person, by the means of threat, or use of force or other forms of coercion, or of abduction, fraud, or of deception, of abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of giving or receiving of payment or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purposes of exploitation.

Exploitation includes any form of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of human organs. Traffickers may result in an illegal entry into a country and includes internal as well as external trafficking and displacement of the victim (International Bureau for Children’s Right (IBCR), 2011).

Human trafficking involves the recruitment, transportation, transfer, receipt or harboring of persons for the purpose of exploitation (typically in the sex industry and for forced labour). Human Trafficking, as explained by International Organization for Migration (I.O.M) (2007), is trafficking of human beings which occurs when a migrant is illicitly recruited, kidnapped, sold and / or moved, either within national or across international borders. It went further to say that intermediaries (traffickers), during any part of the process, obtain economic or other profit by means of deception, coercion and for other forms of exploitation under conditions....

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