ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research work is to highlight the impact of job satisfaction on organization commitment among secondary school teachers in Enugu State. Specifically, the study aimed to pursue the following objectives : to analyse the relationship between job satisfaction and organisational commitment among secondary school teachers in Enugu state, to determine the extent to which regular payment and increase of salary affect job satisfaction, to examine the degree to which promotion impacts on organizational commitment, to evaluate the extent to which employee- employer relationship enhances job satisfaction, to examine the relationship between working environment and organisational commitment among secondary school teachers in Enugu state. The study had a population size of 1,462, out of which a sample size of 314 was realized using Taro Yamene Formula at 5% error to tolerance and 95% level of confidence . Instrument used for data collection was primarily questionnaire and interview. The total numbers of 314 copies of the questionnaire were distributed while 304 copies were returned. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Five hypotheses were tested using Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient, chi-square (X2), and Z-test statistical tools. The findings indicate that there was a significant relationship between job satisfaction and organisational commitment. There was positive effect of payment and increase of salary on job satisfaction. There was significant impact of promotion on organizational commitment. There was positive relationship between working environment and organizational commitment. The study concluded that teachers of secondary schools in Enugu state cherish promotion, improvement of salaries, welfare package and conditions of services, however these desires of teachers were far-cry. The study recommends that to ensure job satisfaction and organizational commitment among employees, there should be proactive measures which among others are increase in salary scale, best teacher of the year, conducive environment and the preparedness on the school administration to beef up the needed job satisfaction.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Table of contents
List of tables
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Research Hypotheses
1.6 Significance of the Study
1.7 Scope of the Study
1.8 Limitations of the Study
1.9 Operational Definition of Key Terms
References
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The Concept of Job Satisfaction
2.2 Job Satisfaction Theories
2.3 Dimensions of Job Satisfaction
2.4 Determinants of Job Satisfaction
2.5 Model of Job Satisfaction
2.6 Definition of Organizational Commitment
2.7 Types of Employee Commitment
2.8 The Antecedents of Organizational Commitment (Personal Determinants)
2.9 Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment among Teachers
2.10 Summary Review of Related Literature
References
CHAPTER THREE- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Sources of Data
3.3 Area of Study
3.4 Description of Research Instruments
3.5 Population of the Study
3.6 Sample Size Determination
3.7 Validity of the Research Instrument
3.8 Reliability of the Research Instrument
3.9 Data Treatment Technique(s)
References
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.1 Questionnaire Distribution
4.2 Test of Hypotheses
4.3 Discussion of Results
References
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary of major findings
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Contributions to Knowledge
5.5 Suggested Area for Future Research
Bibliography
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
An organization is effective to the degree to which it achieves its goals. An effective organization will make sure there is a spirit of cooperation, sense of commitment and satisfaction within the sphere of its influence. People are not only an indispensable component but also an integral part of the sphere of influence. To understand the critical importance of people in the organization is to recognize that the human element and the organization are synonymous. A well-managed organization usually sees an average worker as the fundamental source of its improvement (Adeyeme, 2004:89)
In recent years, there has been an increase in publications pertaining to organizational commitment and job satisfaction amongst various occupational groups. Evidence attesting to this is the vast array of literature related to antecedents and consequences of both organizational commitment and job satisfaction among employees(Aamodt, 2007:168 and Bagraim, 2006:126 ).
Job satisfaction and organizational commitment have been found to be linked to increase in productivity and organizational effectiveness (Buitendach and de Wite, 2005:27).It is further linked to have an influence on whether employees will have a propensity to remain with the organization and maintain higher levels commitment. This explains why Yousef (2008:184) notes that job satisfaction and organisational commitment are inversely related to such withdrawal behaviours as tardiness, absenteeism and staff turnover
Locke and Lathan (1999:146) see job satisfaction as pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or job experience. Job satisfaction is as a result of employee’s perception of how well their job provides those things that be can viewed as important. In the educational sector, teachers generally cherish promotion,
Collectively, these strengthen organizational commitment.
In Nigeria, Borishade (2004:81) argues that aforementioned conditions are rare to come by, hence, there is a problem. This problem could be traced to the transitions the educational system is undergoing. It has really passed through different periods ranging from operations of the system by British administrators to ownership of schools by religious bodies. At these two periods, teachers were held at a very high esteem, they were regularly paid, promoted, sent on training and retired with dignity. At this period too they were conceived as role models, because of the state of the nation which was then seen as backward, antiquity and primitive, schools were few, pupils were few and teachers were equally few and therefore management were easier. Again the missionary had direct sponsorship from their mother country, therefore provision of infrastructural facilities and maintenance of teachers was adequate. Over the years, it was obvious that the introduction of European education which carried with it the European values was relegated to the background African values and culture knowing that education is the major vehicle through which society transmits, propagates values and culture in any society.
The ownership and management still in the hands of missionaries raised a lot of agitation in the minds of Africans which led to the indigenous ownership and management of schools, that is taking away schools from the missionaries, this move intensified after the Nigerian civil war since most of the missionaries have gone, the government of the day naturally took over the ownership and management of schools both to harmonize the operation and curriculum and to achieve the expected goal. The end of Nigeria civil war there was an increase in the awareness of the need for education more children went to school, increase in the number of schools and the number of teachers, but with paucity of resources for provision of infrastructural facilities and general maintenance of schools and teachers. It was difficult to keep schools to the standard they were during the missionaries. Since the management of small unit can never be compare to management of larger unit it becomes more complex and difficult to manage and maintain teachers adequately as it was during missionary era
This state was further buttressed by Evans (2005:417) who identifies factors such as teacher’s low salaries and low status, growing class sizes and changes in the education system as causes of the endemic dissatisfaction within the profession. It is on this background that the research seeks to examine the impact of job satisfaction on organisational commitment among secondary school teachers in Enugu State.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Employee’s job satisfaction and organizational commitment have always been important issue for employers. This is so because to achieve organizational goal, the employees must be satisfied in their job in order to be committed.
Job satisfaction is a pleasurable or a positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job. It is an employee’s observation of how well their work presents those things which are important to them, which might cause an employee to have a strong desire to remain a member of a particular organization and exert high levels of effort on behalf of the organization. However teachers teaching in Enugu state secondary schools are not satisfied with their job, because their salaries are not paid as at when due, they are not adequately motivated, they lack good working environment, promotion of teachers is not regular and they lack government support for acquisition of new skills. Pertinent to the above the study seeks to investigate the impact of job satisfaction on organizational commitment among secondary school teacher in Enugu state.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of job satisfaction on organizational commitment among secondary school teachers in Enugu State. The subsidiary objectives include the following:
(1) To analyse the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment among secondary school teachers in Enugu Sate.....
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