THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS ON CAREER ASPIRATION AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SOKOTO METROPOLIS

ABSTRACT

This research is on the assessment of the influence of socio-economic status on career aspiration among Senior Secondary School Students in Sokoto metropolis. This study was on some selected secondary schools in Sokoto metropolis. The study is descriptive in nature and uses Child’s Vocational Awareness Questionnaire (CVAQ) on students for career aspiration findings. A total number of one hundred (100) students responded to the instrument. Contrary to the research, it was revealed that the development in the educational achievement of the students with a better possibility for better career choice is high and the level of education of the parent could be in form of motivation for child to aspire for better jobs in future. And that majority of the students now -a-days decide on their own career choices.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

Abstract

Table of content

List of tables’

Abbreviation (where necessary)

Chapter one: Introduction

1.1       Background of the study

1.2       Statement of the problems

1.3       Objectives of the study

1.4       Research questions

1.5       Research Hypotheses

1.6       Significance of the study

1.7       Scope and Delimitation of the study

1.8       Operational Definition of terms

Chapter Two: Review of related literature

2.1       Introduction

2.2       Conceptual framework

2.3       Career aspiration as perceived by secondary school students

2.4       Factors Determining Socio-economic Status and Career Aspirations

2.5       The Implication of Counseling on Career Aspiration

2.6       The Process of Making Career Choice

2.7       The Importance of Career Guidance in Schools

2.8       Theoretical Framework

2.9       Summary and Uniqueness of the Study

Chapter Three: Research Methodology

3.1       Introduction

3.2       Research design

3.3       Population of the study

3.4       Sample and sampling techniques

3.5       Instrument for data collection

3.5.1    Reliability of the instrument

3.5.2    Validity of the instrument

3.6       Administration of the questionnaire

3.7       Data analysis

Chapter Four: Presentation and analysis of data

4.0       Introduction

4.1       Parental Background

4.1.1    Parental Education

4.1.2    Parental Occupation

4.2       Career Aspiration of Secondary School Students

4.3       Factors Influencing Career Aspiration

4.3.1    Family Influence

4.3.2    Educational Influence

Chapter Five: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

5.0       Introduction

5.1       Summary of main findings

5.2       Discussion

5.3       Suggestions and Recommendations

5.4       Conclusion

            Reference

            Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       Background to the study

This study examines the effects of socio-economic status on the career aspirations for occupational preference of secondary school students in Sokoto metropolis. Several researchers have long recognized that occupational aspiration is influenced by socio-economic status (SES) of secondary school students in particular, the background of their families is especially important. McLaughlin, Hunt, and Montgomery (1976) found that SES affects the occupational and educational aspirations of female high school seniors, a finding in agreement with Empey's (1956) study on males. Krippner (1963) studied students' occupational preferences and their parents' occupational levels using Roe's (1956) occupational scale and found that the occupations students liked to enter were related to the status of their parents' occupational level.

According to Uche (1994) children from parents with high socio-economic status are likely provided with high quality private education from nursery up to university level. Given this opportunity, it is likely that such children will be less delinquent than their counterpart from lower socio-economic background. However from an empirical study by Coughin and Vuchimah (1996), there is a relationship between family socio-economic status and juvenile delinquency. Female secondary school students tend to act out as a result of low level of support from their mother while boys tend to act out as a result of low level parental mentoring; however the study concludes that family structure is not a predictor of juvenile delinquency, low parental monitoring did seem to predict higher drug use, Dishon and Loeber (1985). In another study on child rearing style and students’ dishonest behavior by Ajake and Bisong (2008), child rearing style is a function of family socio-economic status. Significant difference exist between respondents from autocratic child rearing family and those from democratic homes in lying, stealing and truancy, in each case autocratically reared subjects are more vulnerable to delinquency. Again a significant difference exist between subjects reared under democratic child rearing style and their counterpart reared under the laissez-faire rearing style in lying, stealing and truancy. In each case, those who are brought under the laissez-faire families are the more vulnerable.

Blau and Duncan (1967) and Duncan and Featherman (1972) showed a strong positive correlation between family SES and an individual's occupational aspirations and attainment. Sewell, Haller, and Straus' (1957) survey of secondary school seniors showed a positive relationship between SES and educational and occupational aspirations of young women. Sewell and Shaw (1967), in a later study, concluded that for women, SES has a greater effect than intelligence on selection of attendance to and graduation from college.

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